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2018年导游资格考试英语导游词：PresidentialResidence
The history of the place dates back to 600 years ago, and the site was the mansion of Prince of Han during the Ming dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty it became the office of the Viceroy of Jiangnan and Jiangxi . In march 1853, the Taiping peasant army conquered Nanjing and established their regime known as “the Kingdom of Heavenly peace”. Hong xiuquan , the Heavenly King of the regime, claimed the former palace and ordered it enlarged. In 1864, Zeng Guofan , the military commander of the Qing empire, attacked and cracked down the Taiping army. IN1912, Dr. Sunyat-sen was elected the provisional president of the republic, and changed the west garden of the palace into the Presidential Residence. In 1928, the palace became the administration office of the republic government. The occupation of the palace by the Plan on April 23,1949 marked the end of the KMT regime.
Opposite to the gate of the palace across the street is the Screen Wall. By the side of the wall, there is a tablet, which is engraved with an inscription of Guo Moruo’s autograph that reads “ the 100th anniversary of Taiping Uprising”. Built in 1930, the gate tower is a two-storied building with three arch-gates in an imitation of ancient Rome style. It used to be the guardroom during the period of the Republic of China.
In 1864, when the Qing Dynasty army overran the Heavenly Kingdom capital , most of its buildings were destroyed. But fortunately, the garden west of the main hall, predecessor of the present day Xuyuan Garden, survived. The palace is newly restored, including the study, throne and imperial harem. In addition, the history of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is on exhibition here.
The complex in the east of the court was the yamen of governor general of Multi-province. Yamen is the government office in feudal china. There is a newly restored Grand Hall in the yamen. Displayed in the hall are “the bearers of the imperial insignia in processions”, the imperial insignia of the Qing government official _birds for officials and beasts for warriors, former governor-generals as well as supreme commanders since the Opium War.
The presidential palace is a three-storied building .The first floor was the office of secretariat. The second floor was the president’s office, vice president’s office and the secretary-general’s office. The third floor was the State conference Hall, in which the most important meetings were held once two weeks. Attended at the meetings were president ,vice president, chiefs of five bureaus legislation, justice, personnel evaluation, supervision and executive administration, which was regarded as the five-power constitution. In addition, 16special council members were also present at these meetings.
Xuyuan Garden was first built for Chen li as his mansion in the Ming Dynasty, some 600years ago. Later, in 1404, the succeeded emperor Zhu Di made his second son Zhu Gaoxu the prince of Han and he live in this garden, so the garden has been called Xu garden since that time. The garden is also called the west garden because it lies in the west of the presidential palace.
The west garden came into being in the late Qing Dynasty, hence was deeply stamped with the brand of Taiping heavenly Kingdom. The garden covers an area of 1.4hectares, consisting of 3 parts-a small courtyard in front of the garden, the east part with a rocky hill, and the west part a vase-like water pond.
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